2016年中考英语所有考点分析-宾语从句
中考考点十七：宾语从句一、直接引语变间接引语
1.人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。
1)."一随主"指若直接引语中的主语为第一人称时,变间接引语时应与主句的主语人称一致.
Shesaid"Ilikeplayingbasketball".
Shesaidthat__________playingbasketball.
2)."二随宾"指若直接宾语中的主语为第二人称时,变间接宾语时应与主句的宾语人称一致.
SheaskedTom"CanIhavealookatyourpicture".
SheaskedTomif______couldhavealookat______picture.
3)."第三人称不更新"指若直接宾语中的主语为第三人称时,变间接宾语时人称保持不变.
Shesaidtome"Theywanttohelpme".
Shetoldmethat__________tohelpme.
2.指示代词，时间、地点状语的变化
二.宾语从句的考查
宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1.考查宾语从句的语序：
宾语从句的语序用陈述句语序。即"主语+谓语+……
Doyouknowwhen__________?
A.doesthenexttrainleaveB.thenexttrainleaves
C.willthenexttrainleaveD.thenexttrainwillleave
注：若从句时疑问句，但语序不变的有：
1).who在从句中作主语。
Canyoutellme_________?(谁将来这儿)
2).what'swrong/thematter?
Heaskedwhatwasthematterwithme.
3).whathappened
Idon'tknowwhathappenedyesterday.
4).whichisthewayto….?
Canyoutellmewhichisthewaytothepark?
2.考查宾语从句的引导词
1).若宾语从句时陈述句时，引导词用that且that可省掉。
Shesaid"I'mgaldtoseeyou"=Shesaid________________galdtoseeme.
2).宾语从句时一般疑问句时，引导词用if或whether.一般情况下if/whether可互换，但后有ornot/or、动词不定式或介词的后面时，只能用whether.
Hesakedme"AreyougoingtoWuhan?"=Heaskedme________________goingtoWuhan.
I'mthinkingabout______togothere.
A.ifB.whetherC.that
3).宾语从句时特殊疑问句时，引导词用特殊疑问词。
Doyouknow________?I'mnotsure,Maybeheisabusinessman.
A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo
4).若宾语从句时肯定祈使句时，就改为ask/tellsbtodosth.若为否定祈使句，就改为ask/tellsbnottosth.
"Don'topenthedoor"Theteachersaid.=Theteachertoldme____________thedoor.
3.宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
Canyoutellme_________?Heisadoctor.
A.whatisheB.whathewasC.whatheisD.whatwashe
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。
Heasked____________.
A.whattimeitisB.whattimeisitC.whattimeitwasD.whattimewasit
Hetoldmethathe______forthesportsmeet.
A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.willprepareD.hasprepared
注：1)如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。
OurteachersaidthatJanuary_____(be)thefirstmonthoftheyear.
Ourteachersaidthattheearth___(go)aroundthesun.
2).若主句为couldyou…..?表示请求客气的语气，从句的时态仍然不变。
Couldyoutellme_______?
A.whathewasdoingB.whatwashedoing
C.whatheisdoingD.whatishedoing
4.if/when引导状语从句和宾语从句这两种从句。从句的时态的确定。
Canyouguessifthey___toplayfootballwithus?Ithinktheywillcomeifthey____free.
A.come,areB.willcome,willbeC.willcome,areD.come,willbe
Canyoutellmewhenhe____heretomorrow?Whenhe_____here,pleasecallme.
A.comes,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.comes,willcome
5.宾语从句的简化：
1).宾语从句是陈述句时，且主、从句的主语一致，可简化为"动词+todosth".
IhopeIcanmeetyouagain.
Ihope__________youagain.
2).宾语从句是疑问句时，且主、从句的主语一致，或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为"疑问词+todosth".
Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddonext.
Idon'tknow_____________next.
CouldyoutellmehowIcangetthere?
Couldyoutellme_____________there?
Johndidn'tdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.
Johndidn'tdecide___________________.
3).hear/see/find+that+从句，可改为"hear/see/find+sb(要用宾格)+doingsth".
Iheardthattheyweresinginginthenextroom.=
Iheard__________inthenextroom.
Wefoundthatshewasplayingwiththecatunderthetree.
Wefound__________withthecatunderthetree.
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