2017长沙中考英语复习：旧词新义（五）
vegetableThe terrible accident turned him into a vegetable.
Since losing his job my brother has felt like a vegetable.
vegetable在教材中的意思为“蔬菜”和“植物”,作名词用。
上面两个句子中的vegetable还是名词的用法,但意思发生了变化,分别为“植物人”和“生活单调乏味的人”
subject
Smokers are more subject to heart attacks than non-smokers.
The football match may be put off subject to the weather.
Peter always subjects his wife to his will.
subject在教材中的意思为“学科;科目”,作可数名词用。
上面句子中的三个subject,前两个作形容词用,意思分别为“易遭受……的”和“取决于”;第三个作动词用,意思为“使顺从”。
第一句可译为“吸烟的人比不吸烟的人容易犯心脏病。”;第二句可译为“受天气的影响,足球比赛可能会推迟。”;第三句可译为“彼得总是让妻子顺从他的意愿。”。
well
well在教材中有三种用法:用作副词时意思为“好,对,满意地”;用作感叹词时意思为“喔,噢,唔”;用作名词时意思为“井,水井”。
well除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。
The boy is well able to look after himself. (well用作副词,意思为“完全地,彻底地,全部地”。)
Her family is very well off. (well off是固定短语,意思为“有钱,富裕”。)
Tears were welling up in her eyes. (well用作动词,意思为“流出,涌出”。)
room
It is important to give children room to think for themselves. She roomed with Mary in college for two years.
room在教材中作可数名词用时,意思为“房间”;作不可数名词用时,意思为“空间”。
上面两个句子中,第一个room作不可数名词用,意思为“机会”;第二个room作动词用,意思为“租房,合住”。
start
We won’t finish the job today, but we have made a start. 此句中的start用作名词,意为“开头,开端,起始”,这是start的常用法之一。
It started to rain. 此句中的start用作动词,意为“开始”,这是start的常用法之二。
除了以上用法外,start还有其它用法。如:
① The news gave me quite a start.(start用作名词,意为“吃惊,惊起”。)
② Isn’t it time we start back? It’s getting dark. (start back意为“动身返回”。)
③ What time do you start for work? (start for... 意为“动身去”。)
④ I told him the whole story, from start to finish. (from start to finish意为“自始至终,从头到尾”。)
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