2018中考英语:英语全册语法知识大汇总(10)
[*]8. 带疑问词的不定式短语
动词不定式前面可以带疑问代词what, which, who或疑问副词how, when, where, why等。
这种结构起名词的作用,在句子里用作宾语、主语、表语等,或者单独使用。要注意的是,why后面的不定式不带to。如:
(1)用作句子的成分。
1)I don’t know what to try next. (作宾语)
我不知道接下来要尝试什么。
2)Where to go is not decided yet.(作主语)
还没有决定去哪里。
(2)单独使用时相当于一个特殊疑问句。
1)What to do next?=What will we / you do next?
接下来做什么?
2)Why go there?=Why do we / you go there?
为什么去那里?
9. 动词不定式的否定式
不定式的否定式是not / never to do...;不带to的不定式的否定式是not / never do...如:
They decide not to talk to each other.
他们决定不和彼此说话。
His parents tell him never to play soccer in the street.
他父母告诉他不要在街上踢足球。
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九. 动名词(doing)
动名词相当于名词,在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
1. 作主语
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
南方与北方开战了。
2. 作宾语
Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗?
3. 作表语
Babysister’s job is washing,cooking and taking care of the children.
保姆的工作是洗衣服,作饭和照看孩子。
4. 做定语
a washing machine 一台洗衣机
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