中考英语中whatever的“两幅面孔”
【面孔一】whatever(相当于no matter what)引导让步状语从句,意思是“无论什么,不管什么”。whatever在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。如:
Whatever happens, you mustn’t lose your heart. (作主语)
无论发生什么事情,你都不要丧失信心。
Whatever you say, I won’t change my mind.(作宾语)
无论你说什么,我都不会改变主意。
Whatever I am, it is useful to know foreign languages. (作表语)
无论我从事哪个行业,懂(几门)外语总是有用的。
[相关链接] whoever(=no matter who无论谁), whichever(=no matter which无论哪个), whenever(=no matter when无论何时), wherever(=no matter where无论何地), however (=no matter how无论怎样) 都可引导让步状语从句。如:
Whoever(=No matter who) you are, I won’t open the door.
不论你是谁,我都不会开门。
You can phone me whenever (=no matter when) you like.
你愿意什么时间给我打电话,就什么时间给我打。
【面孔二】
whatever还可以引导主语从句或宾语从句,它既引导从句又在从句中作成分,相当于anything that,意思是“所……的任何事情”, 此时不能与no matter what 互换。如:
You can eat whatever you want.
你想吃什么就吃什么。
(whatever引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语)
Whatever you do means nothing to me.
无论你做什么都和我无关。
(whatever引导主语从句且在从句中作宾语)
[跟踪练习] 根据句意,选择最佳选项。
( )1. _______ you’ve found, you must give it back to the owner.
A. Whichever B. Whatever
C. That D. Which
( )2. _______ David goes, he is welcome.
A. Wherever B. Whichever
C. However D. Whatever
( )3. We’ll never give up working on the experiment, _______ difficult it is.
A. no matter how B. no matter when
C. no matter what D. no matter where
( )4. Miss Zhao is very helpful. She often helps us _______ we are in trouble.
A. whatever B. although
C. whenever D. however
( )5. _______ she did was right.
A. No matter what B. Whatever
C. However D. No matter how
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