2009年北京中考英语试题分析

中考网

一、听力
　　今天听力的难度和往年相比基本持平，属于中考英语中的“送分题”。
　　 1-4题要求听对话选出图片，5-8题要求听短对话，选出答案，1-8题的考察方式都是一问一答，考生需要掌握的技巧是：只需要听第二个人的回答就能轻松选出答案，第一个人的问题可以忽略。
　　
　　9-10，11-12，13-15总共三篇长对话，每篇长对话不超过5个回合，即5个一问一答。
　　考生需要掌握的技巧是：发下试卷后，抓紧时间抢读选项和问题，听录音时只寻找与问题有关的信息既可，重点注意对话的开头和结尾，以及数字、时间和人名。
　　16-18 是一篇演讲，重点在于把握文章的逻辑结构。考生需要掌握的技巧是：集中精力听文章的开头和结尾、每个层次的第一句话（每个层次之间朗读是会停顿）既可选所有答案。文章采取了先总后分的结构，开头讲了对于young volunteer的建议有以下几点。然后一一讲述interests，skills,  active in thinking, do research 以及两个don’t ...总共6条建议。最后结尾提到了获取更多的关于young volunteer信息的方法时，提到了website (网站)，正好和18题C选项里的Internet 相对应。
　　
　　59-62 听对话，记录关键信息。与去年相比简直太相似了，难度比去年略低。去年考得人名是Tom White，今年考的是Tim Clark。其他三道题都比去年要简单，分别考察：丢失物品、颜色和时间，去年其他三道题考查了：日期、年级班级、地址。考生需要重点注意的地方是：对话的开头和结尾。
二、单选
　　今年的单选题和去年类似，所有的语法点在中考点睛班上我都已经讲过，对于大多数考生来说几乎没有任何难度，再一次验证了中考18高频语法点的正确性，其覆盖率达到了100%。

考点	题号
1. 代词	19，20，23
2. 时态	27，29，31
3. 介词	21
4. 连词	22
5. 形容词、副词	24，26
6. there be句型	25
7. 情态动词	28
8. 主将从现	30
9. 被动语态	32
10. 非谓语	33
11. 宾语从句	34

19题选A，考查代词：区分主格和宾格。动词like之前选主格we
20题选A，考查代词：疑问代词。Zhang Yining暗示选who
21题选C，考查时间介词，in + 月 / 年 / 月，年
22题选B，考查连词。前半句说important，后半句说not the most important，表示转折选but。
23题选D，考查代词：不定代词。two暗示总数是两个，出现了One，另一个就选the other
24题选B，考查比较级。看到than, 前面就用比较级longer。
25题选D，考查there be句型，students是复数，谓语动词也用复数are。
26题选D，考查最高级。one of + the + 最高级 + 名词复数。答案选the largest
27题选C，考查时态。看到now，用现在进行时。
28题选A，考查情态动词。can表示有能力的用法。
29题选B，考查时态。so暗示前后两句话是并别句，时态保持一致，都用一般过去时。
30题选C，考查主将从现。从句给出一般现在时find，主句选一般将来时will tell
31题选A，考查时态。since 2003暗示使用现在完成时。
32题选B，考查被动语态，yesterday提示使用一般过去时，排除A和C，take 和 boy是动宾关系，所以用被动。
33题选C，考查非谓语。ask sb.（not）to do sth.
34题选D，考查宾语从句。掌握钻石三原则：宾从陈序、主从一致，真理不变。B和C违反陈述语序，A时态错误，下一句中的is暗示用一般现在时。
三、完型

zktwo

       
                 
    今年的完型填空，很多学生普遍反应“叫难”，而不是较难。其中有难度的题有39题、42题和45题。我一向主张：不该错的坚决不错，改错的一定要错。一篇中考完型填空真正“该错”的有几道题呢？恐怕只有一道题。对于今年来说今年是45题，很多考生打死可能也不知道make the difference, 理由是从来没学过。我举双手赞同，在放下双手的同时我要轻轻抽他一下，因为我上课说过：一定要在考试前把历年真题中的单词和短语搞懂搞透，并且我发了补充讲义《历年中考完型阅读核心单词短语》中就有make the difference的意思“起作用，有影响”。

词性分类	题号
1. 代词	35，37
2. 名词	36，45，46
3. 形容词	38，39
4. 动词	40，41，42，43
5. 连词	44

以上数据说明考生在背《中考英语考试说明》单词表时应该先把动词背掉（约400个），然后是形容词（约150个），最后是名词（约1000个）。具体要求是动词、形容词一定要全部背掉，一个不剩。名词只需要着重背不会就可以了，做到八成熟即可。
My father died when I was a few months old. After his death, my mother moved back to Louisville, Kentucky, where   35   had grown up. We lived in a small house with her older sister, Marion, and their mother. This was a time when being a single   36   was still considered unusual.
35.题选B，第一段第二句话：父亲过世后，母亲搬回到了_____长大的地方。不能选A和D ，因为从第一句话：My father died when I was a few months old，看出：那时候我才出生几个月，还没有grow up, 所以选she 指代母亲本人。
36题选C。第一段最后一句话：那是一个人们依旧认为单身的_____是不正常的年代。还是联系文章开头第一句话：父亲过世了，母亲是我唯一的亲人。所以选择parent。
When I was small, there was a children’s book called The Happy Family, and it was a real piece of work. Dad worked all day long at the office, Mom cooked in the kitchen, and brother and sister always had friends sleeping over. The image of the family in this book was typical (典型的) of the time. It looked   37   like my family, but luckily that wasn’t the way I heard it. The way my Aunt Marion read it to me made the story really   38  .
37题选A。第二段开头第一句提到了一本书The Happy Family，第二句对书的内容进行了描述，第三句指出这种family在当时的典型性。所以说这种family和我的family截然不同，因为我没有father（还是联系文章开头第一句话）。所以答案选nothing
由此可见：精读文章第一句能直接帮助我们作对35、36、37一共3道题。
38题选D。37题后面有一个but luckily提示我们，38题应该选一个褒义词，B和C是贬义词，所以排除。A是中性词，暂时保留，D是褒义词，保留。把A和D代入38题比较，选出最佳答案D。
由此可见：转折词之后的内容是出题的重点。
Kind-hearted and open-minded, my aunt was the one who played baseball with me, who took me horseback riding, who took me to the father-son dinners and who gave me lessons on how to drive. Believing that anything   39   was probably good for me, she   40   to get a loan (贷款) so that I could go to Africa to work as a volunteer, which was my most important experience.
39题选D。直接读到第三段第二句：相信任何_____的事可能对我有好处，她（Aunt Marion）贷款让我去非洲……这道题的重点是probably（可能），提示我们修饰anything的词不是褒义词，否则probably就没有必要出现了。所以排除A和B两个褒义词，然后把C. impossible (不可能的) 和D. unusual (不同寻常的) 分别代入检验，并且联系第一段最后一句：This was a time when being a single   36   was still considered unusual.. 所以答案选D
这是本文跨度组大的一道题，找答案的范围已经超出了本段。细心且记忆力好的考生占有一定的优势。但是，如果能把历年中考完型研究5-7遍的考生同样也能作对。
40题选C。这道题要和第三段第一句话联系起来：Kind-hearted and open-minded, my aunt was the one who…, who…, who… and who…句中用“心地善良、思想开明”来形容my aunt，所以40题选C最为合适offer（主动要求），A. decided（决定），D. prepared（准备）。A和D是正确选项，但都不如C精确。B. afforded（支付得起），意思错误。
As a young girl, Aunt Marion always planned to have a large number of children of her own, but she never got married. This   41   that she was free to spend all her time taking care of me. Many people say we have a lot in common. She always   42   me to do my best. She never   43   to make me believe that I could do anything with my life that I wanted, if I only tried hard enough.
41题选B。第四段第一句话转折词but she never got married. This   41   that she was free to spend all her time taking care of me. 其中this指代的是”她一直没有结婚”这件事，通过把四个选项依次代入检验, 最佳答案选B. meant（意味着），其它选项A. said （说），B. proved（证明了），D. showed (说明了)，都很勉强，所以排除。
42题选B。She always   42   me to do my best. 和40、41题解法相同，把四个选项依次代入检验：A. allowed (允许)，B. expected (期待)，C. invited (邀请)，D. forced (强迫)，所以答案选B最合适。D错误，因为Aunt对我很好，不可能强迫我做事。A和C都很勉强，所以不选。
40、41、42题考查单词间细微的差别，是很多考生平日里所欠缺的，在短期内不易提高，需要平时的积累和反馈。
43题选D。She never   43   to make me believe that I could do anything with my life that I wanted, if I only tried hard enough. 不要漏看了never，动词不定时to make me believe that…后面的内容都是Aunt Marion让我相信的事。所以应该选一个贬义词和never相互抵消。所以选D最合适。never fail to do sth. 表示“注定，一定能够”。
背过新概念英语第三册第9课Flying Cats的第一句话就是：Cats never fail to fascinate human beings. (猫总能引起人们极大的兴趣。)
所以说，除非考生实力强到能把新三前30课第一段都倒背如流的地步，否则要作对43题只好靠技巧了。
For more than sixty years, Aunt Marion didn’t and still doesn’t think of herself.   44   she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, and she doesn’t think that her efforts have made much   45  . I honored my aunt, who taught me the things my   46   couldn’t. So every June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I’ve sent her a Father’s Day card.
44题选A。  44   she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, … 考查前后两句话的逻辑关系，关键在于这一段第一句话：Aunt Marion didn’t and still doesn’t think of herself 说明Aunt Marion 从不为自己着想。所以选择A. unless 表述“除非她被迫站到前面，否则她仍然站在后面。”
45题选A。考查固定短语。把选项依次代入检验：make much difference（起很大作用），make much progress (取得很大进步)，make much trouble（惹了很多麻烦），make much sense（有很大意义）。最佳答案选A。…and she doesn’t think that her efforts have made much   45  . 表示“她认为她的努力没有起到很大的作用”，表现出她很谦虚。照应了这一段的第一句话：Aunt Marion didn’t and still doesn’t think of herself
46题选C。从最后一句话得到提示：So every June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I’ve sent her a Father’s Day card.，我送给Aunt Marion父亲节的贺卡，是因为她教给了我父亲不能教给我的东西。所以答案选C。

技巧总结	题号
1. 精读首句	35，36，37
2. 逻辑关系	38，44
3. 词义辨析	40，41，42
4. 固定短语	45
5. 前后照应	39，43，46

四、阅读

zksix

       
                 
通过对16个学生的访谈，得出以下结果：

题号	正确率
A 篇47-50 题	100%
B 篇51-53题	100%
B篇 54题	93.75%
C篇 55题	56.25%
C篇56题	81.25%
C篇57题	62.5%
C篇58题	75%

今年很多考生普遍反映的难题是C篇的55题和57题，其次是C篇的58题和56题。有个别粗心的考生错了B篇的54题。
A篇阅读
47题选B。用关键词music定位，找到Unit 1 Music, 然后在Reading这一列中找到Sad movies。
48题选C。用关键词weather定位，找到Unit 3 Weather。
49题选D。用关键词Unit 5定位，然后Words这一列中找到Space news。
50题选C。根据题目要求，找到所有unit 的相同之处。由于47、48、49题的答案涉及了Unit，Reading和Words三列，唯一没有使用的是Skills这一列，所以优先考虑它。果然每个Unit在Skills这一列中都提到了：Understanding main ideas.
B篇阅读
51题选B。用关键词cough和sneeze定位，找到第一段（粗体字）中的第一句话：When you cough or sneeze, you’d better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand.
52题选A。用关键词door和someone定位，找到第三段（粗体字）中的第一句话：If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door.
53题选D。题目问得是作者的职业。顺着52题答案的出处继续往下找，发现第四段第一句话：After a few weeks of seeing kids try to get enough doors in the school and watching them enter restaurants as the door hit other people, I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students. 所以不难猜出作者的职业是teacher.

47-53题都属于事实细节题，解题的关键在于精确定位。
54题选A。属于文章主旨题。总结每一段黑体字（第一、三、五段）第一句话的含义，第一段讲咳嗽或打喷嚏时应注意的问题，第三段讲为走在后面的人开门，第五段讲乘移动电梯靠右站的问题。所以答案选A. the rules of behaviors in public (公共场所的行为规范)。
主旨题的解题关键是：总结每一段的共同点。
C篇阅读
55题选B。属于单词含义题，用关键词psychologist定位，找到第二段第一句话：Doctors and other scientists [who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way they do, called psychologists,] are starting to believe it. 定语从句的内容正好说明了psychologist的特点： （1）study the human mind. （2） explain why people behave in the way they do. 所以答案选B. thoughts and behavior. 理由是thoughts 和mind相对应，behavior与behave相对应。出题人玩得是同义词替换的游戏。
很多同学误选C. ,mind and nervous system. 结果错了，非常可惜。错在后半部分nervous system (神经系统)，第二段第二句话的确是提到了：You know that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system.（你知道你的大脑通过神经系统和身体的每一部分联系在一起。）这里仅仅是提到了nervous system而已，但是与psychologist没有任何关系。出错的根本原因是定位不精确。
56题选D。属于正误判断题。题干无法提供关键词，所以利用每一个选项中的名词进行定位。我们一一来分析 (黑体字 + 下划线是关键词)：
You shouldn’t go to the gym if you are under stress.与原文相反。
第六段第七句话：If you go walking or do aerobic dancing or work out at the gym, you give your body a chance to burn up some of that adrenaline. (去健身馆可以消耗adrenaline)
B. One can do his homework to burn up adrenaline.与原文相反。
第四段第三句话： Problems like endless homework or troubles with your family are the kind of things you can’t fight or turn away from, so you don’t use up all that adrenaline. 说明homework 不能让你用完所有的adrenaline。与选项描述的正好相反。
C. Diseases and accidents are caused by stress. 偷换概念。
第三段最后三句话：But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident. 很多考生错选C，原因在于把It错误理解为stress，但实际上It指代的是too much stress（过多的压力）。
D. Everyone needs stress to improve himself. 正话反说
第三段第四句话：Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. （没有压力，我们就学不到任何东西，不会成长，也不会改变。） 其中grow和improve相对应。
正误判断题的关键是：用选项中的关键词快速定位答案，耐心和速度是关键。
57题选C。属于细节推断题。找到黑体字所在的位置—第五段最后一句话：A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful. it指代的是a big change，所以可以简单理解为A big change will still be stressful. 所以和它意思最接近的是：C. a big change will cause another stressful situation.
很多同学误选D. a stressful situation can’t be changed without any effort. 文章第五段并没有讲stress和effort有任何联系。属于选项中有，文章中无的错误选项。
58题选A。属于文章主旨题。从第二段第二句话：You know that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system. 第四段第一句：When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adrenaline (肾上腺素). 第六段第一句：The link（关联）between your body and brain works in two ways. 不难选出A. The Body-Brain Link (身体和大脑的关联)。
五、完成句子

zkthree

       
                 
今年的完成句子和去年相比和去年的中考题相比，难度基本持平，属于“送分题”。相比之下，今年一摸试题的完成句子要稍难一些。
65. … 明天怎么样？
怎么样（提出建议）：What / Howabout？
What about/ How about tomorrow?

66. … 对身体有好处。
重点句式：It is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.
  It is beneficial / helpful for our health to eat more fruit and vegetables.


67. 北京的援建工人一到什邡就开始了工作。
重点短语：一……就…… as soon as
The workers from Beijing started working  as soon as  they arrived in Shifang.

68. 刘强不仅对家长有礼貌，对他的邻居们也很有礼貌。
重点短语：不但……而且…… not only … but also…
Liu Qiang is polite not only to his parents, but also to his neighbors.
69. 我确信什么也无法阻止李雷成为一名作家。
重点短语：阻止某人做某事 stop sb. from doing sth.
I’m sure nothing can stop Li Lei from becoming a writer.
六、选词填空
选词填空一直以来都是“送分题”，只要避免一些低级错误，比如：把同一个单词填两次，拼写错误。

time, have, sea, and, like, spend, cool

With July coming, the summer holidays begin. Boys and girls in England will   have   a two-month holiday. The holidays are the best time of the year for most children. They can spend most of their time in swimming, camping and traveling with their parents.
The most enjoyable place is the seaside. Some children are lucky enough to live near the  sea , but for those who live far from the sea, their parents will take them to the seaside for the holidays.
Why do children  like  spending their holidays at seaside? It’s because they like the sand, the sun, the  cool  wind and the salt water there more than anything else. Of course, there are lots of new things to see, nice things to eat  and  exciting things to do.
七、阅读与表达

zkthree

       
                 
75. Is Earth Day on April 22?
用关键词：Earth Day和 April 22， 把答案定位在第一段第三、四、五句话：What’s so special about April 22? The answer is simple. It is Earth Day. 答案是：Yes. / Yes, it is
76. What caught fire on the Guyahoga River?
用关键词：Guyahoga River，把答案定位在第四段第三句话：The Guyahoga River in Ohio was so polluted that rubbish and oil on the river even caught fire! 所以答案是：Rubbish and oil.
77. How many countries take part in the celebration each year now?
用关键词countries和celebration, 把答案定位在第五段：Now the celebration has spread to other countries. More than 175 countries take part each year. 所以答案是：More than 175.
78. Why did Chinese people have “Bye-Bye Throwaway Culture Week”?
用关键词：“Bye-Bye Throwaway Culture Week”，把答案定位在第六段第三、四句：People had  “Bye-Bye Throwaway Culture Week” They wanted everyone to see how polluted it was to throw away so many plastic bags. 、所以答案是：Because they wanted everyone to see how polluted it was to throw away so many plastic bags. 也可以稍作变化：Because they wanted everyone to stop throwing away plastic bags.
79. What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?
根据顺序原则，答案最后一段：Our job is to put this knowledge to work. You can help keep our planet healthy too! 所以答案是：To help people realize the importance of protecting the earth and encourage people to take action. 如果只写：To help keep our planet healthy. 得1分。
对于阅读与表达，我们需要做到“保四争一”：保证前四题全队，最后一题做对一半就行了。因为最后能一题没有真正意义上的标准答案，考官是酌情给分的。
八、写作

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今年的写作题考的是家务劳动，属于传统话题，目的是保证让大家有话可说。所以写作的重点不在于观点的新颖，而在于语言的优美。在中考点睛班中提供的十大闪光句型，可以说为无数学生获得写作高分起到了画龙点睛的作用。
中考点睛班讲义：
1. 第一段的写法：
It is generally believed that ______________________________________________________.
As is known to all, _____________________________________________________________.
If my memory serves me well, ____________________________________________________.
2. 第二段的写法：
There is no denying that _________________________________________________________. However, great importance should be attached to ___________________________________.
… have the following advantages. Above all / First of all, __________________________. Another advantage is that _______________________________________________________.
In addition/Furthermore/ Last but not the least, _____________________________________
第三段的写法：
Not only should we ____________________________, but also we should ______________________.
It is not until + 时间状语 + that we should ____________________________________.
It is ______________that we should pay more attention to so that we will advance together with a new spirit.
中考作文范例：
If my memory serves me well, housework is one of the most common things in our daily life. Everyone is supposed to take part in it and learn important lessons from it.
There is no denying that parents are responsible for most of the housework in the family. However, I , as a member of it, should do something within my ablility to reduce the burden of them. On almost every late afternoon, my father often mops the floor and cleans the bathroom while my mother cooks the dinner. It is not until after dinner that I join them to clean the table and wash the dishes. Knowing that they shoulder the responsibility of the whole family, I decide to do some more housework in summer holiday.
Not only should we enjoy the comfortable life, but also should we share the burden of those who create it for us. And such is human nature that we should care about our parents. (161words)