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8. 带疑问词的不定式短语
动词不定式前面可以带疑问代词what, which, who或疑问副词how, when, where, why等。
这种结构起名词的作用,在句子里用作宾语、主语、表语等,或者单独使用。要注意的是,why后面的不定式不带to。如:
(1)用作句子的成分。
1)I don’t know what to try next. (作宾语)
我不知道接下来要尝试什么。
2)Where to go is not decided yet.(作主语)
还没有决定去哪里。
(2)单独使用时相当于一个特殊疑问句。
1)What to do next?=What will we / you do next?
接下来做什么?
2)Why go there?=Why do we / you go there?
为什么去那里?
9. 动词不定式的否定式
不定式的否定式是not / never to do...;不带to的不定式的否定式是not / never do...如:
They decide not to talk to each other.
他们决定不和彼此说话。
His parents tell him never to play soccer in the street.
他父母告诉他不要在街上踢足球。
九. 动名词(doing)
动名词相当于名词,在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
1. 作主语
Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
南方与北方开战了。
2. 作宾语
Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗?
3. 作表语
Babysister’s job is washing,cooking and taking care of the children.
保姆的工作是洗衣服,作饭和照看孩子。
4. 做定语
a washing machine 一台洗衣机
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