2019年中考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案：动物

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　　People already know a lot about animals. However, there are still some things about animals that may surprise you. Here are some facts about animals you probably didn’t know.
       
        　　Cows do have best friends and feel stressed when they are separated. Scientists have found that cows are very social animals and a cow always makes friends with other cows. When a cow is with its friends, it feels relaxed, compared with when it is alone.
       
        　　During breeding season, a male penguin (企鹅) will offer a small stone to a female penguin as a gift. If she takes it, they will become partners. When the female penguin lays an egg, she and her partner may carry it on their feet, because some penguins don’t build nests (鸟巢).
       
        　　Crocodiles (鳄鱼) swallow (吞) stones. Crocodiles always swallow their food instead of eating it like other animals. They swallow stones which break the food into very small pieces in their stomachs. These stones may stay in their stomachs all their lives.
       
        　　Elephants use plants to treat pain or other illness. Scientists once found a pregnant (怀孕的) elephant in Africa who ate a kind of plant which was not part of her normal food. Four days later, she gave birth to a baby elephant. The same plant was used by the local pregnant women.

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        　　根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示,不正确的用“B”表示。
       
        　　16. A cow hates making friends with other cows.
       
        　　17. All the male penguins will build nests if the female penguins lay eggs.
       
        　　18. Crocodiles swallow stones to help with digestion (消化).
       
        　　19. Elephants eat plants only when they are hungry.
       
        　　20. The passage mainly tells us some surprising facts about animals.
       
        　　【答案】16. B    17. B   
       
        　　18. A    19. B   
       
        　　20. A

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        　　【解析】
       
        　　【分析】
       
        　　短文大意：本文主要介绍了四种动物牛、企鹅、鳄鱼和大象一些不被人所知的生活习性。
       
        　　【16题详解】
       
        　　题意：奶牛讨厌和其他牛交朋友。考查细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Scientists have found that cows are very social animals and a cow always makes friends with other cows.，科学家发现牛喜欢与其它牛交朋友，可知说法错误，故选B。
       
        　　【18题详解】
       
        　　题意：鳄鱼吞咽石块以帮助消化。考查细节理解题。根据第四段第三句They swallow stones which break the food into very small pieces in their stomachs.，它们吞石头是为了把在它们肚子里的食物变小，从而帮助它们消化，可知说法正确，故选A。
       
        　　【19题详解】
       
        　　题意：大象只有在饥饿的时候才会吃植物。考查细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Elephants use plants to treat pain or other illness.，大象吃植物是为了止痛或治病，可知说法错误，故选B。
       
        　　【20题详解】
       
        　　题意：这篇文章主要告诉我们一些关于动物的令人惊奇的事实。考查主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句Here are some facts about animals you probably didn’t know.，可知本文主要介绍了动物的一些不被人知（令人惊讶的）情况，所以说法正确，故选A。

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        　　【点睛】阅读判断题，即根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实和重要情节，包括事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。