2014年上海中考英语改革解析——词性转换
★词性转换SECTION 解题秘籍注意：句子通过合适的语境理解再填词是王道
中考高频词汇整理
基数词序数词(规律：基数词+th=序数词)
特例：twelve--->twelfth twenty-----> twentieth
five---> fifth nine ----> ninth
特殊变化：in one’s fifties 年过五旬（去y+ies）
注意语境理解:
(13静安)My sister Vivian visits the public library in our town ___twice_______ a month. (two)
(中考模拟)Nate is very cheerful because he has won the ___second___ prize in the singing competition ‘ Voice of China’. (two)
单复数变化+S
特例：1以o为结尾，没生命+s, 有生命+es
2 以f或fe为结尾,去f或fe + ves
职业后缀+er, +or, +ist, +ant
I er waiter engineer
II or director actor visitor inventor
III ist artisttourist
IVant assistant
1.（13长宁）More and more ___tourists_____ would like to go to Shanghai for a holiday. (tour)
2.（13普陀）Today I read an article about the famous Chinese _inventor Cai Lun. (invent)
动词名词：
1. V.+ment 结尾
amuse----> amusement 娱乐 develop------> development发展
argue---->argument争吵
2V. + tion结尾
attract ----> attraction collect--->collection (12中考)
locate ---> location operate--->operation
organize--->organization pollute---> pollution
solve----> solution
3V. + sion 结尾
conclude-----> conclusion结论 discuss ----> discussion
decide ----> decision决定（高频考点）impress---> impression
4V. + ing 结尾
begin---> beginning 开端 mean----> meaning意义
say----> saying 谚语 paint ----> painting 油画，水彩画
5V. + 其他
choose--->choice(s) 选择 examine ---->exam 检查,考试
fly----> flight 航班 know----> knowledge 知识
mix--->mixture produce---->product 产品
serve---> service 服务(不可数) sit----> seat 座位
speak ---> speech演讲 succeed ---->success 成功
1. (中考模拟)The officers at the airport __examines______ every traveler’s passport carefully. (exam)
2.（中考模拟）This plan was the __production______ of many hours of careful thought. (produce)
3.（13静安）These days the police are trying hard to __locate________ the missing stranger. (location)
4. (13松江) For the time being, Cathy’s job is to ___serve_____ the customers food at the restaurant. (service)
5.(13松江) They finally made a __decision_______ to build a new school in that area. (decide)
6.（13嘉定）I’m sure you will __succeed______ in working out the problem unless you give up.
(success)
7. (13长宁）Air is a ___mixture_____ of gases with a certain quantity of solids and liquids. (mix)
8. (13普陀) My friends helped me to organize a party for my grandparents. (organization)
9.（13奉贤）The boy was clever enough to ___solve_____ the problem .(solution)
10.（13普陀）The only way to ___succeed_______ is through hard work. (success)
11. (13黄浦) To our surprise, even children can ___operate_______ the machine without any directions. (operation)[
12.（中考真题）There is a beautiful_____painting____ on the wall in each room of my house. (paint)来源:
名词形容词：
1N.+y 结尾
anger---->angry 生气的 salt ----> salty咸的 noise---->noisy （去e加y）吵闹的
2N.+ful/less 结尾
care---> careful/careless home----> homeless 无家可归的
use---> useful/useless 有用的/无用的
3N.+ ing/ed 结尾
interest---->interesting/interested 令人有趣的/感到有趣的
4特例：
history ---> historical chemistry--->chemical
1.（13徐汇）Jenny’s experience as an exchange student in Australia has proved to be
___interesting_____. (interest)
形容词副词：
1. Adj.+ly 结尾
高频词：mainly, generally, clearly, finally，recently, seriously, widely, securely
te结尾直接加ly: accurately, completely, immediately, politely
2 以y结尾去y加ily
easy ,happy, angry, heavy
3 特 殊
I 以le 结尾,去e+y: gentle->______,possible->________
IItrue :去e加ly :true -->________
III good—well
1. (13静安) Mary will __________ be a reporter in the future because she is good at writing.
(possible)
2. （13浦东）As usual, we went __________ to the speaker for more advice after the lecture. (direct)
动词形容词：
frighten--->frightening（物）/ frightened( 人)
widen ---> wide enrich --->rich
thank--->thankful 对。。。感激 forget---> forgetful 健忘的
attract(s)---> attractive迷人的
change--->changeable 多变的
1. (奉贤二模)We are very _______ to our teachers for their great help. (thank)
2. (浦东二模) The Bund is famous for its _______ night views. (attract)
3.（静安二模）The little dog looked __________. He refused to jump into the swimming
pool. (frighten)
4.(13长宁) Reading is a good way to relax and ________ our minds as well. (wide)
5.（13奉贤）The weather in April is ________, so you’d better take more clothes with you. (change)
6. (13浦东) Shanghai ______ a lot of visitors from all over the world every year. (attractive)
形容词名词：
important ---->importance confident ----->confidence
safe---->safety (包括记忆动词save,副词safely)
（13静安）Road __________ has been paid much attention to since last year. (safe)
名词名词：
（13奉贤）Safety is important to every _________, so we should obey the rules.(city)
意思取反(极重要！！)：
honest --->dishonestpossible--->impossible healthy---->unhealthy usual---->unusual
appear ---> disappear
1. (杨浦二模) The public got angry when they knew ________ food was fed to children at school. (healthy)
2. (13松江)It’s ________ to lose your weight if you don’t keep on diet and do exercise regularly. (possible)
3.（13普陀）He was so disappointed to find that his secretary was a person. (honest)
4. （13闸北）The most ___________ car was a Benz which had only three wheels. (usual)
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