Eg1:Imagine you’re at a party full of strangers。 You’re nervous。 Who are these people? How do you start a conversation? Luckily, you’ve got a thing that sends out energy at small chips(芯片) in everyone’s name tag(标签)。The chips send back name, job, hobbies-whatever。 Making new friends becomes simple。
This hasn’t quite happened in real life。 But the world is already experiencing a new age of using RFID technology。
学生面对这两段文字将如何快速找出主旨?看文章第一个词Imagine(想象)就应断定是列举实例的开篇方式,主旨不在于实例本身而应是实例后的总结,即第二段文字是重点,通过实例总结出来的一个结论或是一个要讨论的主题。还有第二段文字以否定句开头,以转折句衔接,故而二句都是重点。因为阅读过程中要格外注意三种句型:否定句、疑问句、转折句。那么这篇文章的主旨应为:。 predict the uses of RFID technology 预测RFID (刷卡技术)的使用。从字面意思看:此种场景在现实生活中还没有真实发生,但世界即将经历一个新时代的到来。
Eg2: At the University of California, my students and I studied more than 2,000 years of self-change methods and also reviewed the scientific research works on that。 Among all the methods, three should be specially mentioned: they‘re useful, simple and easy to learn。 What’s more, people who have made successful changes in their lives often depended on one or more of these methods。
To get yourself started in a new direction, try the Three M‘s:
学生如何确定这两段文字的重点内容?看第一句同样是讲述作者自己的亲身经历与研究领域,没有多大意义;第二句看主句内容 three should be specially mentioned:要特别提到三种方法,后一句讲的是三种方法怎么重要,没有多大意思。如果出题人给出此文的写作目的是什么?那么用归纳的思维来判断第二段小文字为重点,应为这是承上启下段落。To get yourself started in a new direction, try the Three M‘s:(想让自己重新来过请试试三个M方法)那么用出题人自己的语言概况应为:To encourage people to change their bad habits。
Eg1: Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater increase in their waistlines over time, a study suggests。
Eg2: Some people think that they have an answer to the problems of automobiles crowding and pollution in large cities。 Their answer is the bicycle, or bike。
Eg3:In modern society there is a lot of disagreement about competition。 Some value it highly, believing that it is good for social progress。 Others say that competition is bad。 It sets one person against another。 And it leads to unfriendly relationship between people。
此三段文字都为观点类句式,如think,disagreement等。
第二:要了解中学阶段阅读的具体题型。针对考试当中经常出现的题型现归类如下:
A:缺少句子成分题型。如缺少主语,宾语,状语成分,这是考试中最长出现的类型题。
Eg1:When we wear a pair of 3D glasses, _____。此题提供的内容是时间状语从句,要补充主句的内容,那么学生必须在原文中锁定题干中句子在原文何处出现,定位住原文后要精读此句,找出与原文意思相同的句子,切莫一味找寻与原文一样的答案,因为很少有和原文完全相同的答案,如果真的出现与原文相同的句子,那就是最简单的题型。定位原文Three-dimensional technology uses two film projectors(投影机)。 One projects a left eye image and the other projects a right eye image。 3D glasses allow us to see a different image in each eye。
那么答案大致为:our brain will get a different image from each eye
Eg2:Why do some people welcome competition according to the passage? 题干为因果关系题,亦即原因状语的题型,还是一样要从原文找内容,而不是从头脑中找答案,不要记忆原文内容,要定位原文,精读原文,与四个答案相对应,确定标准选项。定位原文:In modern society there is a lot of disagreement about competition。 Some value it highly, believing that it is good for social progress。 Others say that competition is bad。 It sets one person against another。 And it leads to unfriendly relationship between people。 此段文字第一句即为主旨,开篇提出要讨论的主题,即现在社会中人们对竞争的看法。紧接着就是列举一些人的不同观点,证明分歧在哪里。故而出现some,others的句式结构,这是明显的列举方式。针对此题定位原文应为横线句:一些人高度重视,认为它有助于社会进步。那么答案为 It pushes society forward。含义相同句式不同,这是正确答案的设置方式,因为要体现出出题人的应为驾驭能力,要体现出解释的作用,理解的特点:即用不同的词或短语解释文中出现的复杂句式,paraphrase the sentence。