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2015提升英语知识点推荐之形容词和副词

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发表于 2016-6-28 22:13:57 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
形容词和副词
        【考点直击】
        1. 形容词的用法;
        2. 副词的用法;
        3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法;
        4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。
        【名师点睛】
        1. 形容词的用法
        (1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如:
        Our country is a beautiful country. (作定语)
        The fish went bad. (作表语)
        We keep our classroom clean and tidy. (作宾语补足语)
        (2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。
        I have something important to tell you.
        Is there anything interesting in the film.
        (3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。
        Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting.
        You can take any box away, big or small.
        (4) the+形容词表示一类人或物
        The rich should help the poor.
        2. 副词的用法
        (1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。
        He studies very hard. (作状语)
        Life here is full of joy. (作定语)
        When will you be back? (作表语)
        副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类:
        1)时间副词
        时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有:now today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如:
        He often comes to school late.
        What are we going to do tomorrow?
        He is never been to Beijing.
        2)地点副词
        地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有:here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如:
        I met an old friend of mine on my way home.
        He went upstairs.
        Put down your name here.
        3)方式副词
        方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的?”这类问题的,其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的, 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly, 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有:anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如:
        The old man walked home slowly.
        Please listen to the teacher carefully.
        The birds are flying high.
        He runs very fast.
        4)程度副词
        程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词,有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有:much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如:
        Her pronunciation is very good.
        She sings quite well.
        I can hardly agree with you.
        5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有:how, when, where, why等。例如:
        How are you getting along with your studies?
        Where were you yesterday?
        Why did you do that?
        (2)副词在句中的位置
        1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语,则放在宾语之后。例如:
        Mr Smith works very hard.
        She speaks English well.
        2)频度副词作状语时,通常放在行为动词之前,情态动词,助动词和be动词之后。例如:
        He usually gets up early.
        I’ve never heard him singing.
        She is seldom ill.
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